Bachelor thesis

Problems and solutions of the practical implementation of accessible websites in contrast to theory

4 month | HTWK Leipzig | 2004/2005
Prof. Dr. Michael Frank (tutor), Wiebke Poerschke
 

Overview

Web Accessibility is about the programming and designing of websites, which can be read and handled by every person independent from disabilities, localities, experiences or available technologies. This claim especially is important for people with disabilities. The Internet means a never known accessibility to different kinds of information to them.

The implementation of accessible websites theoretically may be accomplished very easy by means of the international rules of the World Wide Web Consortium (W3C) and the national legislations. The adherence of the rules should make it possible to generate accessible websites in a maintainable time frame.

At the real implementation much more factors than easy usability and standard conformed programming loom large. Unfortunately in reality the technical equipment of the user rarely corresponds with the actual standards. However, accessible websites are only realizable when they are programmed for the actual browser versions. Older browsers interpret the necessary specifications for accessibility only insufficient or worse - not at all. But is the goal the optimized display of the website on all popular browser versions and browsers, the designer fights a nearly futile battle. Particularly hard is the implementation for the outdated browser version 4.x of the Netscape Navigator. The only solution seems to be the utilization of nested layout tables with fixed height and width declarations for a correct displaying of the website in this browser. Hence in practice it is considerably harder to generate accessible websites in a satisfactory way for all user groups.

This thesis is based on the formulation and implementation of a new website for the “Segeberger Klinikengruppe GmbH” (Hospital group), Bad Segeberg - Germany. Here also the technique used by the target group doesn’t meet the actual standard. The task was to develop an accessible website for the Segeberger Klinikengruppe which works also in the Netscape 4.x browser, because the claim on the website was web accessibility as well as compatibility to Netscape 4.x. The thesis shows different solution methods however finally compromises had to be made. Even though not all claims for Web Accessibility could be fulfilled it was possible to show that with alternative ways it is possible to implement accessible and downward compatible websites. Beyond this every individual perceives the exact degree of web accessibility subjective and furthermore it is dependent on his access devices.


 
Screenshot old homepage New design homepage Example sub page

 

Activities

  • Research regarding usability/accessibility standards and web standards
  • Browser testing (main focus: Netscape Navigator 4.x)
  • Client interviews, user and customer observation, client visits
  • Test code implementation and design approaches
  • Thesis and presentation


 

Key Concepts and Innovation

  • Critical view at the requirements for accessible websites considering the requirements of clients regarding the look and feel of their websites
  • Analysis of legacy systems and their usage from the viewpoint of a web designer who develops accessible websites but has to support legacy browsers
  • Approach to an accessible website, wich is usable in legacy browser versions and satisfies the clients needs
  • Approach to bridging the gap between web standards, client needs and user needs


Studying the possibilities of site composition Path visualizing how screen readers walk through the site Path visualizing how screen readers walk through the site

 

Material

  • download the thesis (PDF, German)